되베라이너의 삼원소

되베라이너의 삼원소는 주기율표의 역사에서 물리적 특성에 따라 원소를 논리적으로 배열하고자 한 초기의 시도이다. 1817년의 편지에서는 요한 볼프강 되베라이너가 알칼리 토금속에서 스트론튬이 칼슘과 바륨의 중간 정도의 성질을 가지고 있음을 관찰하였다고 기록하고 있다.^[1] 1829년에 되베라이너는 물리적 특성이 유사하게 관련되어 있는 세개의 원소(즉 "삼원소") 그룹을 발견했다.^[2] 그는 삼원소내 원소에서 일부 정량적 성질(예 : 원자량과 밀도)이 어떤 경향을 따르고 있고, 삼원소 중에서 가운데 원소에 대한 값을 다른 두개 원소에 대한 값의 평균값을 취하는 방법으로 정확하게 또는 거의 유사하게 예측할 수 있다는 점을 밝혔다.

삼원소 중 가운데 원자의 예상질량과 실제질량
삼원소의 이름^[2]	원소 및 원자량^[2]^[3]
삼원소의 이름^[2]	원소 1 질량	원소 2 1과 3의 평균 실제 질량	원소 3 질량
알칼리 형성 원소	리튬 6.94	나트륨 23.02 22.99	칼륨 39.10
알칼리 토금속 형성 원소	칼슘 40.1	스트론튬 88.7 87.6	바륨 137.3
염 형성 원소	염소 35.470	브롬 80.470 78.383	요오드 126.470
산 형성 원소	황 32.239	셀렌 80.741 79.263	텔루르 129.243
-	철 55.8	코발트 57.3 58.9	니켈 58.7

각주[편집]

↑ Wurzer, Ferdinand (1817). “Auszug eines Briefes vom Hofrath Wurzer, Prof. der Chemie zu Marburg” [Excerpt of a letter from Court Advisor Wurzer, Professor of Chemistry at Marburg]. 《Annalen der Physik》 (독일어) 56: 331–334. From pp. 332–333: "In der Gegend von Jena (bei Dornburg) … Schwerspaths seyn möchte." (In the area of Jena (near Dornburg) it is known that celestine has been discovered in large quantities. This gave Mr. Döbereiner cause to inquire rigorously into the stoichiometric value of strontium oxide by a great series of experiments. It turned out that it [i.e., the molar weight of strontium oxide] – if that of hydrogen is expressed by 1 or that of oxygen is expressed by the number 7.5 – is equal to 50. This number is, however, precisely the arithmetic mean of that which denotes the stoichiometric value of calcium oxide (= 27.55) and of that which denotes the stoichiometric value of barium oxide (= 72.5) ; namely (27.5 + 72.5) / 2 = 50. For a moment, Mr. Döbereiner found himself thereby caused to doubt the independent existence of strontium; however, this withstood both his analytical and synthetic experiments. Even more noteworthy is the circumstance that the specific weight of strontium sulfide is likewise the arithmetic mean of that of pure (water-free) calcium sulfide and that [i.e., the sulfide] of barium, namely (2.9 + 4.40) / 2 = 3.65 ; which must cause [one] to believe even more that celestine might be a mixture of equal stoichiometric amounts of anhydrite [i.e., anhydrous calcium sulfate] and barite.)
↑ ^가 ^나 ^다 Döbereiner, J. W. (1829). “Versuch zu einer Gruppirung der elementaren Stoffe nach ihrer Analogie” [An attempt to group elementary substances according to their analogies]. 《Annalen der Physik und Chemie》. 2nd series (독일어) 15: 301–307. For an English translation of this article, see: Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner: "An Attempt to Group Elementary Substances according to Their Analogies" (Lemoyne College (Syracuse, New York, USA)) Archived 2019년 3월 9일 - 웨이백 머신
↑ “Johann Wolfgang Dobereiner”. 2016년 3월 23일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2016년 3월 23일에 확인함.

참고 문헌[편집]

“A Historic Overview: Mendeleev and the Periodic Table” (PDF). 2013년 1월 15일에 확인함.

[1] Wurzer, Ferdinand (1817). “Auszug eines Briefes vom Hofrath Wurzer, Prof. der Chemie zu Marburg” [Excerpt of a letter from Court Advisor Wurzer, Professor of Chemistry at Marburg]. 《Annalen der Physik》 (독일어) 56: 331–334. From pp. 332–333: "In der Gegend von Jena (bei Dornburg) … Schwerspaths seyn möchte." (In the area of Jena (near Dornburg) it is known that celestine has been discovered in large quantities. This gave Mr. Döbereiner cause to inquire rigorously into the stoichiometric value of strontium oxide by a great series of experiments. It turned out that it [i.e., the molar weight of strontium oxide] – if that of hydrogen is expressed by 1 or that of oxygen is expressed by the number 7.5 – is equal to 50. This number is, however, precisely the arithmetic mean of that which denotes the stoichiometric value of calcium oxide (= 27.55) and of that which denotes the stoichiometric value of barium oxide (= 72.5) ; namely (27.5 + 72.5) / 2 = 50. For a moment, Mr. Döbereiner found himself thereby caused to doubt the independent existence of strontium; however, this withstood both his analytical and synthetic experiments. Even more noteworthy is the circumstance that the specific weight of strontium sulfide is likewise the arithmetic mean of that of pure (water-free) calcium sulfide and that [i.e., the sulfide] of barium, namely (2.9 + 4.40) / 2 = 3.65 ; which must cause [one] to believe even more that celestine might be a mixture of equal stoichiometric amounts of anhydrite [i.e., anhydrous calcium sulfate] and barite.)

[D1829-2] 가 ^나 ^다 Döbereiner, J. W. (1829). “Versuch zu einer Gruppirung der elementaren Stoffe nach ihrer Analogie” [An attempt to group elementary substances according to their analogies]. 《Annalen der Physik und Chemie》. 2nd series (독일어) 15: 301–307. For an English translation of this article, see: Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner: "An Attempt to Group Elementary Substances according to Their Analogies" (Lemoyne College (Syracuse, New York, USA)) Archived 2019년 3월 9일 - 웨이백 머신

[3] “Johann Wolfgang Dobereiner”. 2016년 3월 23일에 원본 문서에서 보존된 문서. 2016년 3월 23일에 확인함.

[1]

[2]

[3]