사용자:Kirschtaria/카마루파

위키백과, 우리 모두의 백과사전.

카마루파(산스크리트어: कामरूपा)는 고대 인도 아대륙의 초기 국가로,[1] 다바카와 함께 아삼 최초의 역사적 왕국이다.[2]

카마루파는 서기 350년에서 1140년까지 존재했으며 다바카는 서기 5세기에 카마루파에 흡수되었다.[3][4] 현재의 구와하티, 북구와하티, 테즈푸르의 수도에서 세 왕조가 통치하는 카마루파는 전성기에 브라마푸트라 계곡 전체, 북벵골,[5] 부탄과 방글라데시 북부, 그리고 때때로 오늘날의 서벵골주, 비하르주, 실렛주의 일부를 통치했다.[6][7]

역사적인 왕국은 12세기에 사라지고 더 작은 정치적 실체로 대체되었지만 카마루파의 개념은 지속되었고 고대 및 중세 연대기 작가들은 계속해서 이 왕국의 일부를 카마루프라고 불렀다. 16세기에 아홈 왕국이 두각을 나타내면서 고대 카마루파 왕국의 유산을 이어받아 카라토야강까지 왕국을 확장하고자 했다.[8]

각주[편집]

  1. ↑ "Pragjyotisa-Kamarupa had emerged as an 'early state' by covering a large part of present north-east India, part of neighbouring west-Bengal and Bangladesh in the period between the 4th to the 12th century." (Boruah 2005)
  2. ↑ Suresh Kant Sharma, Usha Sharma - 2005,"Discovery of North-East India: Geography, History, Culture, ... - Volume 3", Page 248, Davaka (Nowgong) and Kamarupa as separate and submissive friendly kingdoms.
  3. ↑ "As regards the eastern limits of the kingdom, Davaka was absorbed within Kamarupa under Kalyanavarman and the outlying regions were brought under subjugation by Mahendravarman." (Choudhury 1959)
  4. ↑ "It is presumed that (Kalyanavarman) conquered Davaka, incorporating it within the kingdom of Kamarupa" (Puri 1968)
  5. ↑ "According to the Kalika Purana and the Yogonitantra, the ancient Kamarupa included, besides the districts of modern Assam, Cooch-Behar, Rang-pura, Jalpaiguri and Dinajpur within its territory." (Saikia 1997)
  6. ↑ Sircar (1990a).
  7. ↑ "Before (the 10th century), copper plate inscriptions indicate that land around the Kushiara was more densely populated, because Kamarupa kings had granted large tracts of land to immigrant brahmans and their supporting castes, to make this region part of Assam (Khanda Kamarupa). (Ludden 2003)
  8. ↑ "They also looked upon themselves as the heirs of the glory that was ancient Kamarupa by right of conquest, and they long cherished infructuously their unfulfilled hopes of expanding up to that frontier." (Guha 1983). 'An Ahom force reached the banks of the Karatoya in hot pursuit of an invading Turko-Afghan army in the 1530s. Since then "the washing of the sword in the Karatoya" became a symbol of the Assamese aspirations, repeatedly evoked in the Bar-Mels and mentioned in the chronicles." (Guha 1983)

참고 문헌[편집]

  • Acharya, N. N. (1968), Asama Aitihashik Bhuchitravali (Maps of Ancient Assam), Bina Library, Gauhati, Assam
  • Baruah, S L (1995), A Comprehensive History of Assam, New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt Ltd
  • Boruah, Nirode (2005). "'Early State' Formation in the Brahmaputra Valley of Assam". Proceedings of the Indian Historical Congress. 66: 1464–1465. JSTOR 44145968.
  • Boruah, Nirode (2011). "Kamarupa to Kamata: The political Transition and the New Geopolitical Trends and Spaces". Proceedings of the Indian History Congress. 72: 78–86. JSTOR 44146698.
  • Boruah, Nirode (2007), Early Assam, Guwahati, Delhi: Spectrum Publications
  • Casson, Lionel (1989). The Periplus Maris Erythraei: Text With Introduction, Translation, and Commentary. Princeton University Press. ISBN <bdi>978-0-691-04060-8</bdi>. Archived from the original on 19 August 2020. Retrieved 26 February 2018.
  • Choudhury, P. C. (1959), The History of Civilization of the People of Assam to the Twelfth Century AD, Department of History and Antiquarian Studies, Gauhati, Assam
  • Dutta, Anima (2008). Political geography of Pragjyotisa Kamarupa (PhD). Gauhati University. hdl:10603/68309. Archived from the original on 26 April 2017. Retrieved 25 April 2017.
  • Guha, Amalendu (December 1983), "The Ahom Political System: An Enquiry into the State Formation Process in Medieval Assam (1228–1714)" (PDF), Social Scientist, 11 (12): 3–34, doi:10.2307/3516963, JSTOR 3516963, archived from the original on 27 September 2022, retrieved 24 September 2019
  • Guha, Amalendu (1984). "Pre-Ahom Roots and the Medieval State in Assam: A Reply". Social Scientist. 12 (6): 70–77. doi:10.2307/3517005. JSTOR 3517005.
  • Jacquesson, François (2008). "Discovering Boro-Garo" (PDF). History of an Analytical and Descriptive Linguistic Category: 21. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 August 2019. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
  • Lahiri, Nayanjot (1991), Pre-Ahom Assam: Studies in the Inscriptions of Assam between the Fifth and the Thirteenth Centuries AD, Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt Ltd
  • Ludden, David (2003). "Investing in Nature around Sylhet: An Excursion into Geographical History". Economic and Political Weekly. 38 (48): 5080–5088. JSTOR 4414346.
  • Puri, Baij Nath (1968), Studies in Early History and Administration in Assam, Gauhati University
  • Puri, B N (1990), "Polity and Administration", in Barpujari, H K (ed.), The Comprehensive History of Assam, vol. I, Guwahati: Publication Board, Assam, pp. 172–194
  • Saikia, Nagen (1997). "Medieval Assamese Literature". In Ayyappa Panicker, K (ed.). Medieval Indian Literature: Assamese, Bengali and Dogri. Vol. 1. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. pp. 3–20. ISBN 9788126003655. Archived from the original on 27 September 2022. Retrieved 14 November 2020.
  • Sarkar, J N (1990), "Koch Bihar, Kamrup and the Mughals, 1576–1613", in Barpujari, H K (ed.), The Comprehensive History of Assam: Mediebal Period, Political, vol. II, Guwahati: Publication Board, Assam, pp. 92–103
  • Sarkar, J. N. (1992), "Chapter II The Turko-Afghan Invasions", in Barpujari, H. K. (ed.), The Comprehensive History of Assam, vol. 2, Guwahati: Assam Publication Board, pp. 35–48
  • Shin, Jae-Eun (2018), "Region Formed and Imagined: Reconsidering temporal, spatial and social context of Kamarupa", in Dzüvichü, Lipokmar; Baruah, Manjeet (eds.), Modern Practices in North East India: History, Culture, Representation, London & New York: Routledge, pp. 23–55
  • Shin, Jae-Eun (2010). "Changing Dynasties, Enduring Genealogy: A Critical Study on the Political Legitimation in Early Medieval Kamarupa". Journal of Ancient Indian History. Kolkata: University of Calcutta. 27: 173–187.
  • Sircar, D C (1990a), "Pragjyotisha-Kamarupa", in Barpujari, H K (ed.), The Comprehensive History of Assam, vol. I, Guwahati: Publication Board, Assam, pp. 59–78
  • Sircar, D C (1990b), "Political History", in Barpujari, H K (ed.), The Comprehensive History of Assam, vol. I, Guwahati: Publication Board, Assam, pp. 94–171
  • Sharma, Mukunda Madhava (1978), Inscriptions of Ancient Assam, Gauhati University, Assam
  • Urban, Hugh B. (2011). "The Womb of Tantra: Goddesses, Tribals, and Kings in Assam". The Journal of Hindu Studies. 4 (3): 231–247. doi:10.1093/jhs/hir034.

[[분류:인도의 역사적 지역]] [[분류:아삼주의 왕국]] [[분류:아삼주의 역사]] [[분류:카마루파]]

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